Publications
Bauer, I. E., McMorrow, J., and Yalden, D. W. 1994. The historic ranges of three equid species in north-east Africa: A quantitative comparison of environmental tolerances. Journal of Biogeography, 21 (2), 169–182. Link
Becker, C. D. and Ginsberg, J. R. 1990. Mother-infant behaviour of wild Grevy’s zebra: Adaptations for survival in semi-desert East Africa. Animal Behaviour, 40 (6), 1111–1118. Link
Cordingley, J. E., Sundaresan, S. R., Fischhoff, I. R., Shapiro, B., Ruskey, J., and Rubenstein, D. I. 2009. Is the endangered Grevy’s zebra threatened by hybridization? Animal Conservation, 12 (6), 505–513. Link
Cordingley, J. E., Sundaresan, S. R., Larison, B. J., Shapiro, B., and Rubenstein, D. I. 2009. Grevy’s zebra conservation: Overcoming threats of isolation, genetic hybridization and demographic instability. Animal Conservation, 12 (6), 520–521. Link
Faith, J. T., Tryon, C. A., Peppe, D. J., and Fox, D. L. 2013. The fossil history of Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi) in equatorial East Africa. Journal of Biogeography, 40 (2), 359–369. Link
Franceschini, M. D., Rubenstein, D. I., Low, B., and Romero, L. M. 2008. Fecal glucocorticoid metabolite analysis as an indicator of stress during translocation and acclimation in an endangered large mammal, the Grevy’s zebra. Animal Conservation, 11 (4), 263–269. Link
Ginsberg, J. R. and Rubenstein, D. I. 1990. Sperm competition and variation in zebra mating behavior. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 26 (6), 427–434. Link
Githiru, M. 2017. The forgotten Grevy’s zebra Equus grevyi population along the Kasigau Corridor ranches, SE Kenya: Recent records and conservation issues. African Journal of Ecology, 55 (4), 554–563. Link
Hawkins, E., Kock, R., McKeever, D., Gakuya, F., Musyoki, C., Chege, S. M., Mutinda, M., Kariuki, E., Davidson, Z., Low, B., Skilton, R. A., Njahira, M. N., Wamalwa, M., and Maina, E. 2015. Prevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi as well as the identification of associated ticks in sympatric Grevy’s zebras (Equus grevyi) and donkeys (Equus africanus asinus) in northern Kenya. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 51 (1), 137–147. Link
Jónsson, H., Schubert, M., Seguin-Orlando, A., Ginolhac, A., Petersen, L., Fumagalli, M., Albrechtsen, A., Petersen, B., Korneliussen, T. S., Vilstrup, J. T., Lear, T., Myka, J. L., Lundquist, J., Miller, D. C., Alfarhan, A. H., Alquraishi, S. A., Al-Rasheid, K. A. S., Stagegaard, J., Strauss, G., Bertelsen, M. F., Sicheritz-Ponten, T., Antczak, D. F., Bailey, E., Nielsen, R., Willerslev, E., and Orlando, L. 2014. Speciation with gene flow in equids despite extensive chromosomal plasticity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111 (52), 18655–18660. Link
Kebede, F., Bekele, A., Moehlman, P. D., and Evangelista, P. H. 2012. Endangered Grevy’s zebra in the Alledeghi Wildlife Reserve, Ethiopia: Species distribution modeling for the determination of optimum habitat. Endangered Species Research, 17 (3), 237–244. Link
Kebede, F., Rosenbom, S., Khalatbari, L., Moehlman, P. D., Beja-Pereira, A., and Bekele, A. 2016. Genetic diversity of the Ethiopian Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi) populations that includes a unique population of the Alledeghi Plain. Mitochondrial DNA Part A, 27 (1), 397–400. Link
Kigen, C., Okoth, P., Konje, M., Shivoga, W., Ochieno, D., Wanjala, S., Agevi, H., Onyando, Z., Soy, B., Kisoyan, P., and Makindi, S. 2013. Modeling the spatial impact of climate change on Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi) niche in Kenya. Elixir Remote Sensing, 62, 17608–17611. Link
Kimura, R. 2000. Relationship of the type of social organization to scent-marking and mutual-grooming behaviour in Grevy’s (Equus Grevyi) and Grant’s Zebras (Equus burchelli bohmi). Journal of Equine Science, 11 (4), 91–98. Link
Kinnaird, M. F. and O’brien, T. G. 2012. Effects of private-land use, livestock management, and human tolerance on diversity, distribution, and abundance of large African mammals: Livestock and large mammals in Kenya. Conservation Biology, 26 (6), 1026–1039. Link
Klingel, H. 1972. Social behaviour of African Equidae. Zoologica Africana, 7 (1), 175–185. Link
Klingel, H. 1974a. Soziale Organisation und Verhalten des Grevy‐Zebras (Equus grevyi). Ethology, 36 (1‐5), 37–70. Link
Klingel, H. 1974b. Soziale Organisation und Verhalten des Grevy-Zebras (Equus grevyi) [Social organization and behavior of Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi)]. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie, 36, 37–70. Link
Klingel, H. 1986. Die Evolution der sozialen Organisation der Equiden [The evolution of social organization in the Equidae]. Verhandlungen der deutschen Zoolgischen Gesellschaft, 79, 176.
Klingel, H. and Klingel, U. 1969. The Society’s Notes. Grevy zebra Project. Africana, 3 (12).
Kula, J. 2016. Current status of Grevy zebra: A review. Poultry, Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences, 4 (1), 151. Link
Kula, J., Abdela, N., and Mohammed, A. 2016. Current status of Grevy zebra: A review. International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research, 2 (1), 26–28. Link
Larison, B., Harrigan, R. J., Thomassen, H. A., Rubenstein, D. I., Chan-Golston, A. M., Li, E., and Smith, T. B. 2015. How the zebra got its stripes: a problem with too many solutions. Royal Society Open Science, 2 (1), 140452. Link
Letoiye, D. 2014. Participatory spatial planning for reconciling human activities and conservation of Grevy’s Zebra (Equus grevyi) in northern Kenya: A case study of Meibae community conservancy, Samburu. Merit Research Journal of Education and Review, 2 (5), 92–103. Link
Linklater, W. L. 2000. Adaptive explanation in socio-ecology: Lessons from the Equidae. Biological Reviews, 75 (1), 1–20. Link
Low, B., Sundaresan, S. R., Fischhoff, I. R., and Rubenstein, D. I. 2009. Partnering with local communities to identify conservation priorities for endangered Grevy’s zebra. Biological Conservation, 142 (7), 1548–1555. Link
Melin, A. D., Kline, D. W., Hiramatsu, C., and Caro, T. 2016. Zebra stripes through the eyes of their predators, zebras, and humans. PLOS ONE, 11 (3), e0151660. Link
Muoria, P. K., Muruthi, P., Kariuki, W. K., Hassan, B. A., Mijele, D., and Oguge, N. O. 2007. Anthrax outbreak among Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi) in Samburu, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology, 45 (4), 483–489. Link
Muoria, P. K., Muruthi, P., Low, B., Omondi, P., Mutua, C. M., Benard, J., Oguge, N. O., King, J., Sundaresan, S. R., Chege, G., and Parker, G. 2009. Kenya launches national strategy to conserve Grevy’s zebra. Oryx, 43 (2), 171–172.
Muoria, P. K., Muruthi, P., Rubenstein, D., Oguge, N. O., and Munene, E. 2005. Cross-sectional survey of gastro-intestinal parasites of Grevy’s zebras in southern Samburu, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology, 43 (4), 392–395. Link
Musyoki, C., Andanje, S., Said, M., Chege, M., Anyona, G., Lukaria, L., and Kuloba, B. 2012. Challenges and opportunities for conserving some threatened species in Kenya. The George Wright Forum, 29 (1), 81–89. Link
Ngoru, B. 2012. Species introduction: The case of Grevy’s zebra in Tsavo ecosystem. The Wildlife Researcher. Kenya Wildlife Service, 2, 24–26.
Ocholla, G. O., Koske, J. K., Asoka, G. W., Bunyasi, M. M., Pacha, O., Omondi, S. H., and Mireri, C. 2013. Assessment of traditional methods used by the Samburu pastoral community in human wildlife conflict management. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 11 (3), 292–302. Link
Ogden, R., Langenhorst, T., McEwing, R., and Woodfine, T. 2007. Genetic markers and sample types for pedigree reconstruction in Grevy’s zebra Equus grevyi. Der Zoologische Garten, 77 (1), 29–35. Link
Parker, G. E., Davidson, Z., Low, B., Lalampaa, P. R., Sundaresan, S., and Fischer, M. 2017. Can pastoral communities offer solutions for conserving the endangered Grevy’s zebra Equus grevyi at the periphery of its range? Oryx, 51 (3), 517–526. Link
Parker, G., Sundaresan, S., Chege, G., and O’Brien, T. 2011. Using sample aerial surveys to estimate the abundance of the endangered Grevy’s zebra in northern Kenya. African Journal of Ecology, 49 (1), 56–61. Link
Pluháček, J., Olléová, M., Bartoš, L., and Bartošová, J. 2014. Time spent suckling is affected by different social organization in three zebra species. Journal of Zoology, 292 (1), 10–17.
Rubenstein, D. I. 1989. Life history and social organization in arid adapted ungulates. Journal of Arid Environments, 17 (1), 145–156.
Rubenstein, D. I., Sundaresan, S. R., Fischhoff, I. R., Tantipathananandh, C., and Berger-Wolf, T. Y. 2015. Similar but different: Dynamic social network analysis highlights fundamental differences between the fission-fusion societies of two equid species, the Onager and Grevy’s zebra. PLOS ONE, 10 (10), e0138645. Link
Schieltz, J. M. and Rubenstein, D. I. 2015. Caught between two worlds: genes and environment influence behaviour of plains×Grevy’s zebra hybrids in central Kenya. Animal Behaviour, 106, 17–26. Link
Schulz, E. and Kaiser, T. M. 2013. Historical distribution, habitat requirements and feeding ecology of the genus Equus (Perissodactyla). Mammal Review, 43 (2), 111–123. Link
Sundaresan, S., Bruyere, B., Parker, G., Low, B., Stafford, N., and Davis, S. 2012. Pastoralists’ perceptions of the endangered Grevy’s zebra in Kenya. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 17 (4), 270–281. Link
Sundaresan, S. R., Fischhoff, I. R., Dushoff, J., and Rubenstein, D. I. 2007. Network metrics reveal differences in social organization between two fission-fusion species, Grevy’s zebra and onager. Oecologia, 151 (1), 140–149. Link
Sundaresan, S. R., Fischhoff, I. R., Hartung, H. M., Akilong, P., and Rubenstein, D. I. 2008. Habitat choice of Grevy’s zebras (Equus grevyi) in Laikipia, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology, 46 (3), 359–364. Link
Sundaresan, S. R., Fischhoff, I. R., and Rubenstein, D. 2007. Male harassment influences female movements and associations in Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi). Behavioral Ecology, 18 (5), 860–865. Link
Zero, V. H., Sundaresan, S. R., O’Brien, T. G., and Kinnaird, M. F. 2013. Monitoring an endangered savannah ungulate, Grevy’s zebra Equus grevyi: Choosing a method for estimating population densities. Oryx, 47 (3), 410–419. Link
Reports
Kleine, L. 2010. Stable isotope ecology of the endangered Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi) in Laikipia, Kenya. Paper 13. University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, USA. Link
Langenhorst, T. and Davidson, Z. D. 2016. Grevy’s zebra conservation in Kenya 2016. Marwell Wildlife, Winchester, UK. Link
Langenhorst, T. and Davidson, Z. D. 2017. Grevy’s zebra conservation in Kenya 2017. Marwell Wildlife, Winchester, UK. Link
Manyibe, T., Low, B., and Chege, G. 2006. Mass vaccination of Grevy’s zebra against Anthrax in northern Kenya. Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi, Kenya.
Olszewski, S. 2011. Dietary ecology of the endangered Grevy’s zebra Equus grevyi in historic and modern Laikipia, Kenya. Paper 82. Summer Research. University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, USA. Link
Rubenstein, D. I. 2004. Zebra sociality: Different stripes for different types. Balliol College Record, 18–23.
Books
Dunnett, M. 2004. The diagnostic potential of equine hair: A comparative review of hair analysis for assessing nutritional status, environmental poisoning, and drug use and abuse. In: Pagan, J. D., ed. Advances in Equine Nutrition III. Nottingham, UK: Nottingham University Press, 85–106. Link
Nuñez, C. M. V., Asa, C. S., and Rubenstein, D. I. 2011. Zebra reproduction. In: McKinnon, A. O., Squires, E. L., Vaala, W. E., and Varner, D. D., eds. Equine reproduction. Second Edition. Hoboken, USA: Blackwell Publishing.
Rubenstein, D. I. 1986. Ecology and sociality in horses and zebras. In: Rubenstein, D. I. and Wrangham, R. W., eds. Ecological aspects of social evolution: Field Studies of birds and mammals. Princeton, USA: Princeton University Press, 282–302.
Rubenstein, D. I. 1994. The ecology of female social behavior in horses, zebras, and asses. In: Jarman, P. and Rossiter, A., eds. Animal societies: Individuals, interactions, and organization. Kyoto, Japan: Kyoto University Press, 13–28.
Rubenstein, D. I. 2001. Social behaviour. In: Levin, S. A., ed. Encyclopedia of biodiversity, Vol 5. Cambridge, USA: Academic Press, 295–303.
Rubenstein, D. I. 2010. Ecology, social behavior, and conservation in zebras. In: Macedo, R., ed. Advances in the study behavior: Behavioral ecology of tropical animals. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Press, 231–258. Link
Rubenstein, D. I. and Hack, M. 2004. Natural and sexual selection and the evolution of multi-level societies: Insights from zebras with comparisons to primates. In: Kappeler, P. M. and van Schaik, C. P., eds. Sexual selection in primates: New and comparative perspectives. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 266–279.
Rubenstein, D. I. and Nuñez, C. M. V. 2009. Sociality and reproductive skew in horses and zebras. In: Hager, R. and Jones, C. B., eds. Reproductive skew in vertebrates: Proximate and ultimate causes. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 196–226. Link
Theses
Hostens, E. 2009. Modelling the migration of Grevy’s Zebra in function of habitat type using remote sensing. Master’s thesis. University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
Khalatbari, L. 2013. Effect of habitat fragmentation on the Grevy’s zebra population genetic structure. Master’s thesis. Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Link
Lalampaa, P. R. 2011. Grevy’s zebra water use and their interactions with livestock and people in Samburu, Kenya. Master’s thesis. University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Levikov, N. 2014. To migrate or to forage? The where, when and why behind Grevy’s zebra movement. Master’s thesis. Imperial College London, London, UK. Link
Mate, L. 2014. Influence of community based wildlife management on Grevy’s zebra conservation in Westgate community conservancy in Samburu county, Kenya. Master’s thesis. University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya. Link
Mwazo, A. G. 2012. Distribution and vegetation association of Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi) in Tsavo East National Park and the surrounding ranchlands. Master’s thesis. Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya. Link
Nelson, A. 2003. Status, distribution and structure of Grevy’s zebra populations in northern Kenya. Master’s thesis. University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Link
Parkinson, C. 2012. The political ecology of community conservation in northern Kenya: A case study of the Meibae Community Wildlife Conservancy. Master’s thesis. University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Link
Rowen, M. 1992. Mother-infant behavior and ecology of Grevy’s zebra. Ph.D. thesis. Yale University, New Haven, USA. Link
Wheeler, L. J. 2013. Using telemetry data to study behavioural responses of Grevy’s zebra in a pastoral landscape in Samburu, Kenya. Master’s thesis. Imperial College London, London, UK. Link.
Williams, S. D. 1998. Grevy’s zebra: Ecology in a heterogeneous environment. Ph.D. thesis. University of London, London, UK. Link
Younan, R. 2015. Assessing Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi) and livestock interactions through satellite tracking and community involvement in Samburu country (Kenya). Master’s thesis. Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin and University of Namibia, Windhoek. Link